SaaS IT glossary: Key terms for every IT professional

Staying up to speed with SaaS terminology is crucial for anyone involved in cloud-based solutions. IT leaders, especially, are often tasked with deciphering acronyms and keeping track of constant technology updates and terms. Whether you’re managing software deployments or working to get a better grasp on the industry, this comprehensive glossary serves as your go-to guide for the latest IT SaaS terms.

A

Accessibility

The design and development of software applications that can be used and understood by all individuals, including those with visual, hearing, motor, or cognitive impairments. This includes features like screen reader compatibility, keyboard navigation, and adjustable text and color settings.

Alias

An alternative name or identifier assigned to a resource, user, or system component. Aliases can be used for email addresses, domain names, or to mask sensitive information while maintaining functionality.

Anonymous FTP

A file transfer protocol that allows users to access files on a server without requiring a specific username and password. This method is typically used for sharing public files and is less common in modern SaaS environments due to security concerns.

Anti-spam

Technologies and techniques that are used to identify, filter, and block unsolicited and unwanted email messages (spam). Anti-spam features are often integrated into email platforms to protect users from phishing attempts, malware, and other malicious content.

Applet

A small software application designed to perform a specific task within a larger program or web page. While commonly used in the past, applets have largely been phased out due to security and performance concerns.

Application

A software program designed to perform specific tasks or functions.

ASCII file

A text file format that uses a standard character encoding to represent text. ASCII files are used for basic data transfer and storage, especially when compatibility with older systems is required.

AT command set

A standardized set of text-based commands used to control modems and other communication devices. The commands begin with the letters “AT” that are used to control a modem. Also can be referred to as the “Hayes Command Set.”

Attachment

An electronic file sent along with an email or other digital message. In a SaaS environment, attachments are commonly used to share documents, images, or other data between users. Many SaaS platforms offer built-in attachment management features for efficient sharing and storage.

Authentication

The process of verifying a user’s identity before granting access to an application or system. This typically involves confirming credentials like usernames and passwords, and may include additional security measures such as multi-factor authentication.

B

Backbone

The high-speed, high-capacity network infrastructure that connects multiple networks, forming the core of a communication system. Backbones provide the foundation for rapid data transfer and reliable connections between users and cloud-based applications.

Binary code

A fundamental language of computers consisting of sequences of 0s and 1s. It represents data, instructions, and other information processed by computer systems. While often abstracted in modern SaaS applications, understanding binary code is essential for comprehending how data is stored and transmitted.

Binary file

A computer file that stores data in a format not directly readable by humans. It uses a binary code system (0s and 1s) to represent information. Common examples include images, audio, video, and executable software programs.

Bit

the smallest unit of data in computing, representing a single binary digit (0 or 1). Billions of bits are combined to create the data processed and stored in SaaS applications.

Blended learning

Combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning experiences. This often involves using learning management systems (LMS) to deliver online content, assessments, and collaboration tools, while supplementing with in-person activities or instructor-led sessions.

Bluetooth

A short-range wireless communication technology that enables data exchange between devices such as smartphones, computers, and peripherals. Bluetooth allows for seamless data transfer and interaction between the digital and physical worlds.

BMP (Bitmap)

A raster image file format commonly used for storing digital images. Known for its simplicity, BMP files typically produce large file sizes due to their lack of compression. While widely supported, more efficient formats like JPEG and PNG are often preferred in SaaS applications for image storage and transmission.

Boolean logic

A system of logic that uses true and false values to perform operations. It’s fundamental for search functions, data filtering, and conditional workflows. For example, users can combine search terms using AND, OR, and NOT operators to refine results based on specific criteria.

Bridge

A network device that connects multiple local area networks (LANs), allowing devices on different networks to communicate as if they were on a single network. 

Broadband connection

The high-speed internet access that enables fast and reliable data transmission. Essential for SaaS applications, broadband supports smooth performance, efficient data transfer, and seamless user experiences.

Browser

A software application used to access and display content on the World Wide Web. Browsers are essential for interacting with cloud-based applications, as they provide the interface for users to view, input, and manage data within the SaaS platform.

Buffer

A temporary storage area used to hold data while it’s being transferred or processed .Buffers help ensure smooth data flow between users, applications, and servers, preventing delays and improving overall performance. For example, video streaming services use buffers to preload content, minimizing playback interruptions.

Business continuity plan (BCP) or business continuity

A strategic approach to ensuring a business can continue operations after a disruption or disaster. BCPs focus on maintaining service availability, data integrity, and customer access, often leveraging redundancy, backups, and disaster recovery capabilities.

Business intelligence (BI)

A process of collecting, storing, analyzing, and visualizing data to provide insights for better decision-making. BI tools are often cloud-based, allowing users to access data and analytics from anywhere with an internet connection, reducing the need for on-premises infrastructure.

BYOD

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is a workplace policy allowing employees to use their personal devices (laptops, smartphones, tablets) for work purposes. BYOD facilitates access to cloud-based applications and data from personal devices, enhancing flexibility and productivity while requiring robust security measures to protect sensitive information.

Byte

A unit of digital information consisting of eight bits. It’s the fundamental building block for representing characters, numbers, and other data within computer systems and SaaS applications. Bytes are used to measure file sizes, data transfer rates, and storage capacity.

C

Cache

A temporary storage area used to hold frequently accessed data for quicker retrieval. Caching improves application performance by reducing the need to repeatedly fetch information from slower storage sources. This enhances user experience by speeding up page loads and response times.

CAPTCHA

Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) is a security measure used to distinguish between human and computer-generated web traffic. SaaS applications often implement CAPTCHAs to protect login pages, forms, and other sensitive areas from automated attacks like bots and spam.

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

A style sheet language used to describe the presentation of content on web pages. CSS is essential for designing and customizing the user interface of web-based applications, controlling the layout, colors, fonts, and other visual elements.

Case-sensitive

A system or application that differentiates between uppercase and lowercase letters. Passwords, usernames, and data entry fields may be case-sensitive, requiring exact character matching for successful input.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The electronic circuitry that executes instructions and performs calculations within a computer system. The performance of cloud-based applications relies on the processing power and efficiency of the CPUs in the data centers that host the software.

Chat

Refers to a real-time, text-based communication channel that allows users to exchange messages instantly. Chat features are often integrated into platforms to facilitate customer support, team collaboration, and internal communication, enhancing engagement and improving response times.

Client

A computer or device that initiates a connection to a server to request services or data.The client (typically a user’s device) interacts with the SaaS application’s server to access and utilize its features.

Cloud

A network of remote servers that store, manage, and process data over the internet. The cloud infrastructure provides the foundation for delivering applications and services to clients, eliminating the need for on-premises hardware and software.

Cloud Service Provider (CSP)

A company that delivers cloud computing services, such as infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS).

Computer-Based Training (CBT)

CBT is a method of instruction delivered through computer software. It often leverages cloud-based learning management systems to provide interactive courses, assessments, and performance tracking, enabling flexible and scalable employee training.

Common Gateway Interface (CGI)

A standard method for web servers to interact with external programs. While less common in modern SaaS applications due to more efficient technologies like server-side scripting, CGI was historically used to create dynamic web content and process user input.

Compress

The process of reducing the size of a file or dataset without compromising its integrity. Compression is used to optimize data storage, improve network transmission speeds, and enhance application performance. For example, images and videos are often compressed to reduce their file size before uploading or downloading.

Connect

The establishment of a communication link between two or more devices or systems. Connecting involves establishing a network connection to access the SaaS platform and its services, often requiring internet connectivity and appropriate credentials.

Content Management System (CMS)

A software application that helps create, manage, and publish digital content. CMS platforms provide an intuitive interface for website administrators to update content, manage media, and optimize SEO, streamlining the process of maintaining and growing online presence.

Cookie

A small text file stored on a user’s device by a web server. Cookies are used to track user preferences, maintain login sessions, and personalize the user experience.

Cybersecurity

The practice of protecting computer systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, theft, damage, or disruption. Cybersecurity measures are essential to safeguard sensitive customer data, prevent service interruptions, and maintain compliance with industry regulations.

D

DaaS

Desktop as a Service is a cloud-based service that delivers virtual desktops to users over a network. DaaS allows organizations to provide employees with access to a standardized desktop environment from any device with an internet connection, improving flexibility and reducing IT management costs.

Daemon

A background process that runs continuously on a computer system, performing specific tasks without direct user interaction. Daemons are essential for maintaining system functionality, handling tasks like network communication, data synchronization, and security monitoring.

Database

A structured collection of data organized for efficient storage, retrieval, and management. Databases are typically hosted on cloud servers and accessed by users through the application interface, providing a centralized repository for information.

Data center

a physical facility housing computer systems, networking equipment, and storage devices. Data centers are operated by cloud service providers to host and manage the infrastructure required to deliver applications and data to users.

Debugging

The process of identifying and fixing errors or bugs in software code. Debugging is essential for ensuring the reliability and functionality of cloud-based applications. Developers use various tools and techniques to locate and resolve issues that may impact user experience or system performance.

Decryption

The process of transforming encrypted data back into its original, readable form. Decryption is essential for accessing and using sensitive information like passwords, financial data, or personal records. Strong encryption algorithms are used to protect data during transmission and storage, and decryption is performed using the appropriate keys or methods.

Dialog box

A window that appears on a computer screen to prompt the user for input or provide information. Dialog boxes are commonly used for displaying error messages, confirmation prompts, and options for customizing settings within the application.

Digital asset

Any type of data stored electronically, including files, documents, images, videos, and software. Digital assets are often managed and stored within the cloud platform, providing accessibility and scalability for businesses and individuals.

Digitize

The process of converting analog information (such as physical documents or images) into a digital format that can be stored, processed, and transmitted electronically. 

Directory

A container or folder used to organize and store files and other data on a computer system. Directories are often used to structure and manage application resources, user data, and configuration settings within the cloud environment.

Distance education

A method of instruction that delivers educational content to students who are physically separated from the instructor. Distance education, also referred to as distance learning, often leverages online learning platforms to provide course materials, interactive content, and communication tools, enabling students to learn remotely and at their own pace.

Dither

A technique used in digital imaging to simulate a wider range of colors than are actually available in a display device. Dithering can be used to improve the appearance of images with color gradients or subtle variations, enhancing visual quality and reducing banding artifacts in SaaS applications.

Domain

Part of an Internet address. The network hierarchy consists of domains and subdomains. At the top are a number of major categories (e.g., com, edu, gov); next are domains within these categories (e.g., ohio-state); and then there are subdomains. The computer name is at the lowest level of the hierarchy.

Domain Name System (DNS)

Domain Name System is a hierarchical naming system that translates human-readable domain names (like example.com) into machine-readable IP addresses. DNS is crucial for resolving the domain names of cloud-based applications, allowing users to access services through easy-to-remember URLs instead of complex IP addresses.

Dots per inch (DPI)

Dots per inch is a measure of image resolution that indicates the number of dots or pixels contained within a square inch. DPI affects the quality and clarity of images displayed on screens or printed documents. Higher DPI values generally result in sharper and more detailed images.

Download

The process of transferring a file from a remote server to a local device.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices connected to a network. DHCP is essential for managing IP addresses within the cloud infrastructure, ensuring that devices can communicate and access network resources efficiently.   

E

Endpoint

A device or system that connects to a network. Endpoints can include computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, and other devices used to access cloud-based applications. Managing and securing endpoints is crucial for protecting sensitive data and preventing unauthorized access to SaaS environments.

End user

The individuals who interact with and benefit from cloud-based applications, such as employees, customers, or students. Understanding end user needs and experiences is essential for designing and delivering effective SaaS solutions.

eLearning

A method of instruction that uses electronic resources and technologies to deliver educational content. eLearning platforms often utilize cloud-based solutions to provide interactive courses, assessments, and collaboration tools, enabling flexible and scalable learning experiences.

Email

A method of electronic communication that allows users to send and receive messages, often with attachments like documents or images. Email services are frequently integrated into productivity suites or offered as standalone applications, providing features like spam filtering, organization tools, and collaboration capabilities.

Emulation

The process of simulating the behavior of one system on another, allowing software or hardware to run on a different platform. Emulation can be used to provide compatibility with older systems or to run specialized applications within a cloud environment. For example, a SaaS platform might emulate a specific operating system or hardware architecture to support legacy software.

Encryption

The process of transforming data into a secret code that is unintelligible to unauthorized parties. Encryption is essential for protecting sensitive information like passwords, financial data, and customer records. Strong encryption algorithms are used to scramble data during transmission and storage, making it difficult for hackers to intercept or access.

Ethernet

A widely used networking technology that enables devices to communicate over a local area network (LAN). Ethernet provides the physical infrastructure for connecting servers, storage devices, and other components within a data center, ensuring reliable data transfer and communication between the various elements of the cloud platform.

Extension

A software component that adds new features or functionality to an existing application. Extensions can be used to customize and enhance the capabilities of cloud-based platforms, allowing users to tailor the software to their specific needs. For example, a browser extension might enable additional features like ad blocking or password management.

Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)

Extensible Authentication Protocol is a framework that allows different authentication methods to be used interchangeably. When it comes to SaaS, EAP can be used to implement multi-factor authentication, combining password-based authentication with additional security factors like biometric data or hardware tokens. This enhances user security and prevents unauthorized access to sensitive information.

F

Female connector

A type of electrical connector that has pins or sockets where wires or cables can be inserted. Female connectors are commonly found on servers, networking equipment, and other hardware components within data centers, facilitating the interconnection of various devices and systems.

Field

A named unit of data within a database table or record. Fields are used to store and organize information about specific attributes, such as customer names, addresses, product descriptions, or financial data. Fields are defined with specific data types (e.g., text, numbers, dates) to ensure data integrity and compatibility.

File

Collections of digital information stored on a computer system. Files can include documents, images, videos, software programs, and other types of data. SaaS applications often provide tools for managing, sharing, and storing files within the cloud environment, making it easier for users to access and collaborate on their work.

Filter

A mechanism used to select or exclude data based on specific criteria. Filters are commonly used to refine search results, sort data, and customize views within applications. For example, users might filter a list of customers by location, status, or purchase history to find specific information.

Firewall

A security system that monitors and controls network traffic, blocking unauthorized access and malicious attempts. Firewalls are essential for protecting cloud-based applications and data from cyber threats. They act as a barrier between the public internet and the internal network, filtering incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined rules.

Flash memory

A type of non-volatile computer memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It’s commonly used in solid-state drives (SSDs), USB flash drives, and other portable storage devices. Flash memory is often used to store data within cloud-based infrastructure, providing faster performance and increased reliability compared to traditional hard disk drives (HDDs).

Folder

A container used to organize and store files and other data on a computer system. Folders are often used to structure and manage application resources, user data, and configuration settings within the cloud environment.

Freeware

Software that can be downloaded and used at no cost. Freeware applications may be offered as a trial version or basic tier of a paid service, allowing users to evaluate the software before committing to a subscription. Some SaaS providers also offer fully functional freeware versions with limited features or usage restrictions.

G

Gigabyte (GB)

A unit of digital information equivalent to one billion bytes. It’s commonly used to measure the storage capacity of hard drives, SSDs, and other storage devices. 

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A Global Positioning System is a satellite-based navigation system that provides accurate location, time, and speed information to users worldwide. GPS can be integrated into mobile applications to offer location-based services, track assets, optimize routes, and enhance user experiences.

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

Graphics Interchange Format is a lossless image file format commonly used for simple animations and small graphics. GIFs support a limited color palette but are well-suited for displaying text, logos, and icons. 

Graphical user interface (GUI)

A visual interface that allows users to interact with a computer system using icons, menus, and other visual elements. GUIs are essential for providing intuitive and user-friendly experiences. Well-designed GUIs make it easy for users to navigate applications, access features, and perform tasks efficiently.

Greyware

A broad category of software that exhibits malicious or unwanted behavior but doesn’t necessarily meet the strict criteria for being classified as malware. This includes potentially unwanted programs (PUPs), adware, and browser hijackers.

Gateway

A network device that connects two different networks, allowing devices on those networks to communicate. Gateways are used to connect internal networks to the internet, enabling users to access cloud-based applications and services. They also play a role in filtering and controlling network traffic to enhance security and performance.

H

Handshaking

The process of establishing a connection between two devices or systems, exchanging information and protocols to ensure compatibility and proper communication. It is crucial for initiating connections between users, applications, and servers, ensuring that data is transmitted and received correctly.

Hardware

The physical components of a computer system, including devices like the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage drives, and peripherals.

Header

A section of data that precedes the main content of a message or file. Headers contain metadata about the message or file, such as sender information, recipient addresses, date, time, and subject. Headers are essential for routing, processing, and managing communication within the SaaS platform.

Help desk

A service provided by organizations to assist users with technical issues or questions related to their products or services. Help desks are typically responsible for providing support to end users, troubleshooting problems, and answering inquiries related to the cloud-based applications.

Helper application

A software program that assists another application in performing specific tasks. Helper applications may be used to handle functions like file downloads, media playback, or integration with other systems. They often work seamlessly in the background, providing additional functionality without requiring direct user interaction.

Host

A computer or server that provides resources or services to other devices on a network. Hosts are used to deliver applications, store data, and manage user interactions within the cloud environment.

Hyperlink

A clickable text or image that creates a link to another web page, document, or resource. For SaaS apps, hyperlinks are extensively used to navigate between different sections of an application, access related information, and connect to external resources. They provide a seamless way for users to explore and interact with the content within a SaaS platform.

Hypertext

Text that contains links to other related information. Hypertext is a fundamental component of web-based applications, allowing users to navigate between different pages, sections, and resources within the platform. 

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

HyperText Markup Language is the standard markup language used to create web pages. HTML is used to structure and format the content of web-based applications, defining the layout, text, images, and other elements that users see when interacting with the platform.

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

HyperText Transfer Protocol is the foundation of the World Wide Web, enabling communication between web browsers and servers.

Hypervisor

A software layer that manages and controls virtual machines (VMs) on a physical server. Hypervisors are essential for efficiently utilizing hardware resources and enabling multiple applications to run simultaneously on a single physical server. This improves scalability, resource utilization, and cost-effectiveness for SaaS providers.

I

IaaS

Infrastructure as a Service is a cloud computing model that provides virtualized computing resources, such as servers, storage, and networking, on demand.

Icon

A small graphic image that represents a specific object, action, or application. Icons are widely used to visually represent features, commands, and navigation elements within the user interface, making it easier for users to understand and interact with the application.

Image map

A graphic image that contains clickable regions or hotspots. Image maps can be used to create interactive elements within web applications, allowing users to navigate to different pages or perform specific actions by clicking on specific areas of an image. This can enhance user engagement and provide a more visually appealing interface.

Independent Verification and Validation (IV&V)

Independent Verification and Validation is a quality assurance process that involves assessing the correctness and completeness of software development and testing activities. IV&V is crucial for ensuring the reliability, security, and performance of cloud-based applications. It helps identify and mitigate risks, validate compliance with requirements, and verify that the software meets the intended functionality.

Internet of things (IoT)

The Internet of things refers to the interconnected network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other objects embedded with sensors, software, and network connectivity. These devices can collect and exchange data, enabling automation, remote monitoring, and improved efficiency. IoT devices often generate large amounts of data that is stored, analyzed, and visualized using cloud-based platforms, providing valuable insights for businesses and individuals.

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

Internet Message Access Protocol is a protocol used to retrieve and manage email messages on a server. IMAP allows users to access and organize their emails from multiple devices, ensuring that messages are synchronized across different platforms. This provides flexibility and convenience for users who need to manage their email from various locations.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

An Internet Service Provider is a company that provides internet access to users. ISPs help deliver cloud-based services by providing the necessary network connectivity and bandwidth to users accessing applications and data over the internet.

Interrupt Request (IRQ)

Interrupt request is a signal generated by a hardware device to request attention from the central processing unit (CPU). IRQs are used to manage communication between hardware components and the software running on the cloud infrastructure, ensuring that devices can send and receive data efficiently.

IP address

Internet Protocol address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to each device connected to the internet. IP addresses are essential for routing data between users, applications, and servers within the cloud infrastructure. They allow devices to communicate and exchange information over the network.

IT Assessment

A comprehensive evaluation of an organization’s information technology infrastructure, systems, and processes. IT assessments can help identify areas for improvement, optimize resource utilization, and ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations.  

IT governance

A framework of policies, processes, and practices that ensure an organization’s IT investments align with its strategic objectives. IT governance helps organizations make informed decisions about the adoption and use of cloud-based technologies, manage risks, and optimize resource allocation.

IT infrastructure

The underlying hardware, software, and networking components that support an organization’s IT systems and applications. When it comes to SaaS, IT infrastructure typically includes servers, storage devices, networks, and virtualization technologies that are managed and maintained by cloud service providers.

J

Java

A high-level programming language that is widely used to develop software applications. Java is a popular choice for building scalable and reliable cloud-based applications due to its platform independence, object-oriented nature, and strong community support.

JavaScript

A programming language primarily used to create interactive web pages and applications. JavaScript is essential for building dynamic user interfaces, handling client-side interactions, and enhancing the overall user experience. It’s often used in conjunction with other technologies like HTML and CSS to create rich and engaging web applications.

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)

A lossy image file format commonly used for storing digital photographs and other images. JPEG compression reduces file size while maintaining acceptable image quality, making it suitable for efficient storage and transmission in SaaS applications. However, JPEG compression can introduce artifacts or quality degradation, especially when images are heavily compressed or edited multiple times.

Justified

The alignment of text within a paragraph. Justified text is often used to create a more visually appealing and professional look for documents, web pages, and other content within the application. It aligns both the left and right margins, creating a consistent and even appearance.

K

Kerberos

A network authentication protocol that provides secure access to network resources. Kerberos can be used to authenticate users and grant them access to specific applications and data within the cloud environment. It uses a trusted third party to exchange cryptographic keys, ensuring that user credentials are securely transmitted and validated.

Kerning

The process of adjusting the spacing between individual characters to improve readability and appearance. Kerning can be used to enhance the typography and design of text elements within web applications, ensuring that fonts are displayed clearly and attractively.

Keyword

A significant word or phrase that describes the content of a document, webpage, or other resource. Keywords are used for search engine optimization (SEO), tagging, and categorization, making it easier for users to find and access relevant information within the application.

Kilobits per second (Kbps)

A unit of data transfer speed that measures the number of thousands of bits transmitted per second. Kbps is used to describe internet connection speeds, network bandwidth, and the rate at which data is transferred between users and cloud-based applications. Higher Kbps values indicate faster and more efficient data transmission.

Kilobyte (K, KB, or Kb)

A unit of digital information equivalent to one thousand bytes. It’s commonly used to measure the size of small files, such as text documents or images. Kilobytes are used to describe file sizes, data transfer rates, and storage capacity within the cloud platform.

Knowledge base

A centralized repository of information and resources that can be accessed by users. Knowledge bases are often used to provide help and support documentation, FAQs, tutorials, and other resources for users to learn about and troubleshoot the application. They can be accessed through search functions or by browsing through specific categories or topics.

L

Leading

The vertical space between lines of text. Leading can be adjusted to improve readability and the overall appearance of text within applications. Larger leading creates more space between lines, making text easier to read, while smaller leading can fit more content within a given space.

Learning management system (LMS)

A software application used to deliver, track, and manage online learning programs. LMS platforms provide a centralized hub for course content, student enrollment, assessments, and communication tools, enabling efficient and scalable online learning experiences.

Learning object

A reusable unit of instructional content that can be combined with other objects to create a complete learning experience. Learning objects are often used within LMS platforms to deliver modular and flexible online courses. They can include text, images, videos, quizzes, and other interactive elements.

LINUX

A family of open-source operating systems that are widely used for servers, desktops, and embedded systems. Linux is a popular choice for powering cloud infrastructure due to its reliability, scalability, and security. Many SaaS applications are built and run on Linux-based servers, providing a robust and cost-effective foundation for delivering cloud services.

ListProcessor

A software component or function that processes lists of data, performing operations like sorting, filtering, and manipulation. ListProcessors are often used to handle and manage data within applications, enabling users to efficiently organize, analyze, and extract information from lists of items.

Listserver

Also called a Listserv; a software application used to manage email mailing lists, allowing users to subscribe, unsubscribe, and send messages to a group of recipients.

Local area network (LAN)

Local area network is a computer network that connects devices within a limited geographical area, typically a building or campus. LANs are used to connect computers, servers, and other devices within a data center, enabling communication and data sharing between the components of the cloud infrastructure.

M

Machine learning (ML)

A type of artificial intelligence that enables systems to learn from data and improve their performance over time without being explicitly programmed.

Mail server

A computer system that handles the sending, receiving, and storing of email messages. Mail servers are often managed by cloud service providers, offering features like spam filtering, virus scanning, and storage capacity to ensure reliable and secure email communication.

Mainframe

A large-scale computer system designed for high performance and reliability, often used for critical business applications and data processing. Mainframes may still be used in a SaaS environment for legacy systems or specific workloads that require exceptional processing power and data handling capabilities.

Male connector

A type of electrical connector that has pins or prongs that insert into the sockets. Male connectors are commonly found on cables, devices, and peripherals used to connect to servers, networking equipment, and other components within the cloud infrastructure.

Malware

Malicious software designed to harm or compromise computer systems. Malware can target cloud-based applications, steal data, disrupt services, or gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. SaaS providers employ various security measures to protect their platforms and user data from malware attacks.

Media Access Control (MAC)

A unique identifier assigned to a network interface card (NIC) in a device. MAC addresses are used to identify and communicate with individual devices within a network, ensuring that data is transmitted to the correct recipient.

Megabyte (Meg or MB)

A unit of digital information equivalent to one million bytes. It’s commonly used to measure the size of files, images, and other digital content. 

Megahertz (MHz) 

A unit of frequency used to measure the speed of electrical signals or the clock speed of processors. MHz is commonly used to describe the processor speed of servers and other hardware components within the cloud infrastructure. Higher MHz values generally indicate faster processing capabilities and improved application performance.

Menu

A list of options or commands that users can select to perform actions within an application. Menus are commonly used to organize features, navigate between different sections, and access settings within the user interface.

Millihertz (mHz) 

A unit of frequency used to measure the speed of electrical signals, specifically in the range of thousands of cycles per second. mHz may be relevant in certain specialized scenarios involving low-frequency signals or slow-moving processes within the cloud infrastructure.

Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG)

An international standards organization that develops standards for digital video, audio, and related technologies. MPEG standards are widely used for encoding and compressing multimedia content, enabling efficient storage, transmission, and playback of videos and audio within cloud-based applications.

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)

A standard for encoding and transmitting various types of data, including text, images, audio, and video, within email messages. MIME allows for the attachment and exchange of different file formats, enabling users to share documents, images, and other content seamlessly within email communications.

Multimedia

The combination of multiple forms of media, such as text, images, audio, and video. Multimedia elements are commonly used to enhance user engagement, provide interactive experiences, and convey information in a more engaging way. SaaS applications often incorporate multimedia features to support various use cases, such as online training, marketing, and entertainment.

N

NaaS

Network as a Service is a cloud computing model that delivers network infrastructure and services on demand. NaaS providers offer virtualized network components like routers, switches, and firewalls, allowing organizations to create and manage their network infrastructure without the need for physical hardware. This provides flexibility, scalability, and reduced costs for network operations.

Nameserver

A computer system that stores and manages the Domain Name System (DNS) records. Nameservers are used to translate domain names into IP addresses, allowing users to access cloud-based applications using human-readable URLs instead of complex numerical addresses.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A technique used to map multiple private IP addresses within a local network to a single public IP address. NAT is commonly used to conserve public IP addresses and improve security by hiding the internal network structure from external users.

Network

A collection of interconnected devices that communicate and exchange data. Networks provide the infrastructure for connecting users, applications, and servers within the cloud environment, enabling the delivery and access of services over the internet.

Network administration

The planning, design, implementation, and maintenance of computer networks. Network administration involves managing the infrastructure that supports cloud-based applications, ensuring network connectivity, security, and optimal performance for users.

Network security

The protection of computer networks and their data from unauthorized access, theft, damage, disruption, or other threats. Network security is essential for safeguarding sensitive information, preventing data breaches, and ensuring the reliability and integrity of cloud-based services.

O

Operating system (OS)

The software that manages a computer’s hardware and resources, providing an interface for users to interact with the system. The operating system running on cloud servers plays a crucial role in delivering applications and services to users. The choice of operating system can impact factors like performance, compatibility, and security.

Online

Activities, resources, or services that are accessible via the internet.

On-site

Activities or resources that are located physically within a customer’s premises or facilities. In contrast to SaaS solutions that are delivered remotely over the internet, on-site services involve technicians or personnel visiting the customer’s location to provide support, maintenance, or implementation.

Optical character recognition (OCR)

A technology that converts scanned images of text into editable digital text. OCR can be used to automate data entry processes, extract information from documents, and improve efficiency. For example, a SaaS-based document management system might use OCR to automatically convert scanned invoices into searchable PDF files.

P

PaaS

Platform as a Service is a cloud computing model that provides a ready-to-use development and deployment environment for building and running applications. PaaS platforms offer tools, frameworks, and services that streamline the development process, allowing developers to focus on building applications without worrying about underlying infrastructure.

Packet

A unit of data transmitted over a network, consisting of a header containing addressing information and the actual data payload. Packets are the fundamental building blocks of communication between users, applications, and servers within the cloud infrastructure. They are broken down into smaller segments for transmission and reassembled at the destination to ensure reliable data delivery.

Palette

A range of colors or tones available for use in a design or application. Palettes are used to define the visual appearance of user interfaces, branding elements, and other visual components within the application. Well-chosen palettes can enhance the overall aesthetic appeal and user experience.

Page

A unit of content displayed within a web browser or application. Pages are the basic building blocks of web applications, containing text, images, and other elements that users interact with. 

Portable Document Format (PDF)

A file format that preserves the formatting and layout of documents, ensuring they are displayed consistently across different devices and platforms. PDFs are commonly used for sharing documents, contracts, and other content within the application, providing a reliable and universally accessible format.

Peer-to-peer

Refers to a network architecture where devices or computers connect directly to each other, sharing resources and data without relying on a central server. P2P technology can be used for specific use cases like file sharing, collaboration, and decentralized applications within the broader SaaS ecosystem.

Personality

The unique characteristics and behaviors exhibited by software agents or virtual entities within a digital environment. These personalities can be designed to interact with users in a more engaging and human-like manner, enhancing the user experience and creating a more immersive environment.

Phishing

A fraudulent practice that involves sending deceptive emails or messages to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information like passwords or credit card details. Phishing attacks are a major security concern, as attackers may target users of cloud-based applications to gain unauthorized access to their accounts or data.

PING

A network utility used to test the connectivity between two devices by sending and receiving echo request packets. PING can be used to diagnose network issues, measure latency, and verify the reachability of cloud-based servers and applications.

Pixel

The smallest unit of a digital image, representing a single point of color or brightness. Pixels determine the resolution and quality of images displayed within applications. Higher resolution images have more pixels, resulting in sharper and more detailed visuals.

Plug-in

A software component that adds new features or functionality to an existing application. Plug-ins can be used to customize and enhance the capabilities of cloud-based platforms, allowing users to tailor the software to their specific needs. For example, a browser plug-in might enable additional features like ad blocking or password management.

Plug-and-play

Devices or software that are designed to be easily installed and used without requiring extensive configuration. Plug-and-play devices or applications are often pre-configured or automatically detected by the system, allowing users to quickly connect and start using them without significant setup effort.

Post Office Protocol (POP)

A protocol used to retrieve email messages from a server. POP is often used in conjunction with IMAP, allowing users to download emails to their local devices for offline access and management. However, POP may not be as suitable for synchronizing email across multiple devices, as it does not typically store messages on the server after they are downloaded.

Pop-up blocker

A software feature that prevents unwanted pop-up windows from appearing on a web browser. Pop-up blockers are often integrated into web browsers or ad-blocking extensions to enhance user experience and reduce distractions caused by intrusive advertisements.

PostScript

A page description language (PDL) used to define the appearance of printed documents. PostScript files contain instructions for rendering text, images, and graphics, allowing for precise control over layout and appearance. 

Program

A set of instructions executed by a computer to perform a specific task. Programs are the core components of cloud-based applications, providing the functionality and features that users interact with. 

Protocol

A set of rules and standards that govern communication between devices or systems. Protocols ensure that data is transmitted, received, and interpreted correctly between users, applications, and servers within the cloud infrastructure. Common protocols include HTTP, TCP/IP, and FTP.

Proxy

A server that acts as an intermediary between a client and another server, filtering and forwarding requests. Proxies can be used to improve network performance, enhance security, or provide access to restricted content. For example, a web proxy might cache frequently accessed content to reduce latency, while a security proxy could filter traffic to block malicious attacks.

Public domain software

Software that is not protected by copyright and can be freely used, modified, and distributed by anyone. 

Pull

A method of data retrieval where a client requests information from a server. Pull mechanisms are used to fetch data from cloud-based applications, allowing users to access and update information as needed. This can be done through manual requests, scheduled updates, or real-time synchronization.

Push

A method of data delivery where a server proactively sends information to clients without being explicitly requested. Push mechanisms are used to deliver updates, notifications, or real-time data to users, ensuring that they have the most current information. This can be done through technologies like websockets, server-sent events, or mobile push notifications.

Q

Quality of service (QoS)

The level of performance and reliability provided by a network or service. QoS is essential for ensuring that cloud-based applications deliver a consistent and high-quality user experience. It involves managing factors like bandwidth, latency, jitter, and packet loss to guarantee reliable data transmission and prevent service disruptions.

R

Random Access Memory (RAM)

A type of computer memory that stores data temporarily while a device is in use. RAM is essential for running applications and processing data within the cloud infrastructure. The amount and speed of RAM can significantly impact the performance and responsiveness of SaaS applications.

Record

A collection of related data fields representing a single instance or entity within a database table. Records are used to store and manage information about specific items, such as customers, products, orders, or events. Each record consists of multiple fields, each containing a specific piece of data relevant to the entity being represented.

Remote login

The process of accessing a computer system or application from a remote location using a network connection. Remote login allows users to connect to cloud-based applications and access their data and services from anywhere with an internet connection. This provides flexibility and convenience for users who need to work remotely or access information from multiple devices.

Rich Text Format (RTF) 

A file format that preserves the formatting and layout of documents, including text styles, fonts, images, and other elements. RTF is often used for sharing and exchanging documents between different applications and platforms, ensuring that the content is displayed and edited consistently.

Router

A networking device that forwards data packets between different networks. They are essential for connecting cloud-based applications to the internet and managing network traffic. They play a crucial role in ensuring efficient and secure communication between users and the cloud infrastructure.

S

SaaS

Software-as-a-Service is a cloud computing model where applications are delivered over the internet on a subscription basis. In contrast to traditional on-premises software, SaaS eliminates the need for installation and maintenance, allowing users to access and use applications from anywhere with an internet connection. 

Safe mode

A diagnostic mode that starts a computer system with a minimal set of drivers and services, allowing users to troubleshoot issues and resolve conflicts.

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A storage area network (SAN) is a dedicated storage network that provides access to consolidated, block level storage. SANs primarily are used to make storage devices (such as disk arrays, tape libraries, and optical jukeboxes) accessible to servers so that the devices appear as locally attached to the operating system. A SAN typically has its own network of storage devices that are generally not accessible through the regular network by regular devices.

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

A standard interface used to connect storage devices like hard drives and solid-state drives (SSDs) to a computer system. SATA is the primary interface for connecting storage devices within cloud-based infrastructure, allowing for efficient data transfer and storage.

Screen reader

Software that converts text and other visual information into audio or Braille, allowing users with visual impairments to access and interact with digital content. Screen reader compatibility is essential for ensuring accessibility and inclusivity for all users, regardless of their abilities.

Scroll bar

A graphical element used to navigate through content that exceeds the visible area of a window or display. Scroll bars are commonly used within web applications and documents to allow users to view content that extends beyond the initial viewport.

Search engine

A software application that indexes and retrieves information from the internet. Search engines are often integrated into cloud-based platforms to enable users to search for and find relevant content, documents, or resources within the application.

Secure server

A computer system that uses encryption and authentication protocols to protect sensitive data transmitted over the network. Secure servers are essential for ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of user data. They play a crucial role in preventing unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security threats.

Security token

A physical or virtual device that generates a unique code used for two-factor authentication. Security tokens can be used to add an extra layer of security to user logins, making it more difficult for unauthorized individuals to gain access to accounts. This is especially important for protecting sensitive data and preventing unauthorized access to cloud-based applications.

Section 508

A U.S. federal law that requires electronic and information technology (EIT) developed, maintained, or procured by the federal government to be accessible to individuals with disabilities. Compliance with Section 508 ensures that cloud-based applications are designed and developed to be usable by people with disabilities, promoting inclusivity and accessibility for all users.

Self-extracting file

A compressed file that contains both compressed data and the code necessary to extract the data. When executed, the file automatically extracts its contents, eliminating the need for separate decompression software. 

Server

A computer system that provides resources or services to other devices on a network. Servers are the core components of the cloud infrastructure, hosting applications, storing data, and managing user interactions. They play a crucial role in ensuring the availability, performance, and security of cloud-based services.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

A standard protocol used to send and receive email messages. SMTP is the underlying mechanism that enables email communication within cloud-based platforms, allowing users to send, receive, and manage emails seamlessly.

Software

A set of instructions or programs that perform specific tasks on a computer system. Software applications are delivered over the internet, eliminating the need for local installation and management. This allows users to access and utilize software services from various devices with an internet connection.

Spam

Unsolicited and unwanted email messages, often sent in bulk to a large number of recipients. Spam can be a significant security concern, as it may contain malicious links, phishing attempts, or malware. SaaS providers often implement anti-spam measures to protect users from these threats.

Service Set Identifier (SSID)

A unique name assigned to a wireless local area network (WLAN). SSIDs are used to identify and connect to specific Wi-Fi networks within a cloud environment or data center, allowing users to access cloud-based applications and services over a wireless connection.

Spyware

Malicious software that secretly monitors and collects user activity on a computer system without their knowledge or consent. Spyware can infiltrate cloud-based applications and compromise user privacy by tracking browsing history, keystrokes, or other sensitive information. This can lead to identity theft, financial fraud, or other security breaches.

Subdirectory

A folder contained within another folder, creating a hierarchical structure for organizing files and data. Subdirectories are used to group related files, applications, or user data within the cloud environment, improving organization and management.

T

Table

A structured collection of data organized in rows and columns. Tables are used to represent and manage information within databases and applications. They provide a structured way to store, organize, and retrieve data efficiently, enabling users to analyze, filter, and manipulate information based on specific criteria.

Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)

A versatile image file format that supports a wide range of color depths, compression schemes, and image types. TIFF is often used for high-quality images, especially those requiring precise color accuracy or large file sizes. It’s commonly used in printing, publishing, and graphic design applications.

Token

A unique identifier or code that represents a user, session, or other entity within a system. Tokens are used for authentication, authorization, and session management, allowing users to securely access and interact with cloud-based applications. Tokens are typically generated and transmitted between the user’s device and the SaaS platform, enabling secure communication and preventing unauthorized access.

Toolbar

A horizontal or vertical strip of icons or buttons that provides quick access to frequently used commands or features within an application. In a SaaS context, toolbars are commonly used to streamline user interaction and improve efficiency by providing shortcuts to common actions.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

The fundamental suite of protocols that governs communication over the internet and other computer networks. TCP/IP provides the underlying framework for transmitting data between users, applications, and servers within the cloud infrastructure, ensuring reliable and efficient communication.

Trojan horse

A type of malware that disguises itself as legitimate software to trick users into downloading and executing it. Once installed, Trojan horses can perform malicious actions like stealing data, installing other malware, or taking control of the infected system. 

TrueType

A scalable font format developed by Apple that provides high-quality rendering and supports various character sets. TrueType fonts are commonly used within web applications and documents to ensure consistent and legible text display across different platforms and devices. TrueType fonts offer features like anti-aliasing and hinting, which improve the appearance of text at different sizes and resolutions.

Two-factor authentication

A security method that requires users to provide two different forms of identification to access an account. 2FA adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to provide a password and a second factor, such as a code generated by a mobile app or a hardware token. This makes it significantly more difficult for unauthorized individuals to gain access to accounts, even if they have obtained a user’s password.

Troubleshooting

The process of identifying, diagnosing, and resolving technical problems or issues. Troubleshooting involves identifying and resolving errors, bugs, or performance problems within cloud-based applications. It may involve analyzing logs, testing configurations, or consulting with technical support teams to identify and address the root cause of the issue.

U

UNIX

A family of multitasking, multi-user operating systems known for their stability, reliability, and flexibility. UNIX-based systems are often used to power cloud infrastructure, providing a robust and scalable foundation for delivering applications and services. 

Upload

The process of transferring a file from a local device to a remote server. Users often upload files like documents, images, or software to cloud-based applications for storage, sharing, or processing. This allows for easy access and collaboration on files from multiple devices and locations.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

A unique address used to identify and locate resources on the internet. URLs are used to access and navigate to specific web pages, applications, or content within a cloud-based platform. They provide a standardized way for users to find and interact with resources online.

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

A standard interface used to connect various devices, such as keyboards, mice, flash drives, and smartphones, to a computer. USBs can be used to transfer data to and from devices that are then integrated with SaaS applications, enabling seamless data exchange and workflow efficiency.

Username

A unique identifier used to log in to a computer system or application. Usernames are used to identify users and grant them access to cloud-based applications. They are typically combined with passwords to authenticate users and prevent unauthorized access.

Utility

A software application or service that provides essential functions or tools, often used for system administration, network management, or data analysis. Utilities can be integrated into the platform to automate tasks, improve performance, or enhance security. For example, a backup utility might be used to automatically create and store backups of application data, while a monitoring utility could track system performance and identify potential issues.

V

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)

A technology that delivers virtualized desktop environments to users over a network. VDI allows users to access and use applications from any device with an internet connection, providing flexibility and scalability. 

Virtual memory

A technique that extends the physical memory capacity of a computer system by using a portion of the hard disk as temporary storage. Virtual memory allows applications to run more efficiently by using available system resources effectively, even when physical memory is limited. It helps prevent performance bottlenecks and ensures that applications have the necessary space to operate.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A secure network connection that creates a private tunnel over a public network, such as the internet. VPNs are used to encrypt and protect data transmitted between users and cloud-based applications, ensuring privacy and security, especially when accessing sensitive information over public networks. 

Virtual reality (VR)

A technology that creates an immersive simulated environment, allowing users to interact with digital content in a three-dimensional space. VR can be used to deliver interactive experiences, training simulations, and virtual events, providing new opportunities for engagement and collaboration. SaaS platforms can leverage VR to offer unique and immersive applications across various industries, such as gaming, education, and healthcare.

Virtualization

The process of creating virtual instances of hardware or software resources on a single physical system. Virtualization is essential for efficiently utilizing hardware resources and delivering multiple applications to users. It allows cloud providers to partition physical servers into multiple virtual machines, each running its own operating system and applications, improving scalability, flexibility, and resource utilization.

Virus

A malicious software program that replicates itself and spreads to other computers, often causing damage or disruption. Viruses can target cloud-based applications, steal data, compromise user accounts, or disrupt services. 

W

Wide area network (WAN)

A computer network that spans a large geographical area, often connecting multiple cities, states, or countries. WANs are used to interconnect data centers and connect cloud-based applications to users located in different regions. 

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)

A security protocol used to protect wireless networks from unauthorized access. WPA is essential for securing Wi-Fi connections used to access cloud-based applications, preventing unauthorized access and protecting sensitive data. WPA2 and WPA3 are more modern and secure versions of the protocol that are commonly used in contemporary networks.

Wireless Fidelity (wi-fi)

A technology that enables wireless networking, allowing devices to connect to the internet and communicate with each other without using physical cables. 

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

A computer network that uses radio waves to connect devices within a limited geographical area. WLANs (often referred to as Wi-Fi networks) are essential for providing mobile access to cloud-based applications, allowing users to connect and work from various locations.

Wildcard

A character used in search patterns to represent any character or sequence of characters. Wildcards are often used to search for data within databases or applications, allowing users to find information that matches specific patterns or criteria. For example, using a wildcard in a search query might allow users to find all documents containing the word “contract,” regardless of the words that precede or follow it.

Window

A rectangular area on a computer screen that displays content or allows for user interaction. 

Wizard

A step-by-step interactive guide that assists users in completing a complex task. Wizards are often used to guide users through configuration processes, data entry, or problem-solving workflows, simplifying the user experience and reducing errors.

World Wide Web

A global network of interconnected web pages and documents accessible through the internet. The WWW provides the platform for delivering and accessing cloud-based applications, allowing users to interact with software and services through web browsers.

Worm

A self-replicating malicious software program that spreads rapidly across computer networks, often causing disruption and system failures. 

WYSIWYG

What You See Is What You Get is a visual editing mode that allows users to see the final output of their work as they create it. WYSIWYG editors are commonly used for creating and editing documents, web pages, and other content within the application, providing a more intuitive and predictable editing experience.

X

XDR (Extended Detection and Response)

A cybersecurity framework that combines various security technologies to detect, investigate, and respond to threats across an entire IT environment. 

XML (Extensible Markup Language)

A markup language used to structure and represent data. XML is often used to exchange data between applications, systems, and services. It provides a flexible and standardized way to define the structure and content of data, making it easier to integrate and interoperate with different platforms.

Z

Zero-day

A newly discovered vulnerability in software or hardware that is unknown to the vendor. Zero-day vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers before the vendor has a chance to release a patch or update, posing a significant security risk. SaaS providers must remain vigilant in monitoring for and addressing zero-day vulnerabilities to protect their platforms and user data.

Zero trust network access (ZTNA)

A security model that assumes no device or user should be trusted by default. ZTNA requires strict verification and authorization for every access request, regardless of the user’s location or device. This approach helps to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches, even if a user’s credentials are compromised.

Zip

A file compression format that reduces the size of files, making them easier to store and transmit. Zip is commonly used to compress large files like documents, images, or software before uploading them to the cloud. This reduces storage requirements and improves upload and download speeds.